Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Department of Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Opportunity inequality and its relationship with economic growth is a concept to which not enough attention has been paid in the previous studies. This study attempts to investigate the effects of opportunity inequality index on economic growth in 15 developing and 15 developed countries over the years 1995-2015. Accordingly, the mean group (MG) estimator within the framework of panel data was used and a new index for opportunity inequality was created. Furthermore, the effects of opportunity inequality and its sub-indices on per capita GDP were compared with the results of the model when economic growth was a dependent variable. The results showed that inequality of opportunities and its sub-indices on economic growth and per capita GDP had different effects in the developed and developing countries.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تاثیر نابرابری فرصت ها بر رشد اقتصادی و درآمد سرانه

Authors [Persian]

  • حسین محمدی 1
  • عبدالحمید معارفی محمدی 2
  • حنانه آقاصفری 1

1 دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

Abstract [Persian]

نابرابری فرصت و ارتباط آن با رشد اقتصادی موضوعی است که در مطالعات دیگر کمتر به آن اشاره شده است. در این مطالعه تلاش شده است تا اثرات نابرابری فرصت روی رشد اقتصادی در 15 کشور در حال توسعه و 15 کشور توسعه یافته طی دوره 1995-2015 مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. استفاده از روش برآورد میانگین گروهی در چارچوب داده های تابلویی، و ساخت شاخصی جدید برای نابرابری فرصت و بررسی اثر آن بر رشد اقتصادی از جمله موارد تمایز این مطالعه با سایر مطالعات می باشد. علاوه بر این اثرات نابرابری فرصت و زیرشاخص های آن روی درآمد سرانه با نتایج مدل زمانی که رشد اقتصادی متغیر وابسته بوده است، مقایسه شده است. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات شاخص نابرابری فرصت و زیر شاخص های آن روی رشد اقتصادی و سطح درآمد سرانه در بین کشورهای در حال توسعه و توسعه یافته، با یکدیگر تفاوت قابل ملاحظه ای داشته است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • رشد اقتصادی
  • شاخص نابرابری فرصت
  • تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه
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