Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agricultural Economics, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Zahedan, Iran

2 Department of Economics, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

Abstract

Despite positive aspects of energy consumption, their negative externalities i.e., environmental pollutions, are considerable. Green taxes, paid for products and services that are not environmentally friendly, are recommended as an efficient way of improving health indices. Since, Iran is among the countries with high per capita consumption of energy, pollution can be a kind of threat. In this regard, to simulate the effect of green taxes on Iran’s health sector, we use a general equilibrium model, calibrated by Iran’s Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) in 2011. The results show green taxes reduces all kinds of environmental pollutions. Furthermore, 62% of health costs are spent on mortality, 26.4% on morbidity, and 11.6% on non-health effects.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

اثر مالیات سبز بر بخش سلامت ایران: رهیافت تعادل عمومی

Authors [Persian]

  • محمدعلی ترکی هرچگانی 1
  • نظر دهمرده 2

1 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

2 گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

Abstract [Persian]

علی‌رغم وجود جنبه های مثبت مصرف انرژی، عوارض جانبی منفی ناشی از آن قابل توجه می باشد. آلودگی های زیست محیطی به عنوان یکی از این عوارض محسوب می شود که سلامت انسان ها را در قرن حاضر به مخاطره انداخته است. اعمال مالیات سبز بر روی نهاده ها و محصولات یا خدماتی که با محیط زیست سازگار نیستند، توسط اقتصاددانان محیط زیست به عنوان یک روش کارآمد برای بهبود شاخص های بهداشتی توصیه می شود. از آنجایی که ایران در میان کشورهای دارای مصرف سرانه بالای انرژی می باشد، آلودگی می تواند تهدید جدی برای جامعه ایجاد کند. این مطالعه با استفاده از یک مدل تعادل عمومی با در نظر گرفتن اثرات متفاوت بخش‌های اقتصاد، انرژی، محیط زیست و بخش سلامت به شبیه‌سازی اثر مالیات سبز بر شاخص‌های سلامت در ایران می‌پردازد. مدل ارائه شده با داده‌های ماتریس حسابداری اجتماعی سال 1390 ایران کالیبره شده است. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد با اعمال سیاست مالیات سبز، انتشار تمامی‌آلاینده‌ها با درجات مختلفی همواره کاهش می‌یابد. همچنین، اثرات آلودگی بر شاخص‌های سلامت نشان می‌دهد که سهم هزینه‌های مرگ و میر، بیماری(ناخوشی) و اثرات غیرسلامت ناشی از آلودگی هوا به ترتیب 62، 26.4 و 11.6 درصد می‌باشد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • مالیات سبز
  • آلاینده‌ها
  • شاخص‌های سلامت
  • مدل تعادل عمومی
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