Subsidies Reform and the Efficiency of Dairy Farms in Iran: A Comprehensive Evaluation

Shokoohi, Zeinab; Bakhshoudeh, Mohammad; Asgari, Mahdi

doi:10.22099/ijes.2022.40872.1757

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of Agricultural Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

² Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States

10.22099/ijes.2022.40872.1757

Abstract

Subsidies reform in Iran started in 2010 after the implementation of the Targeted Subsidies Plan. Increasing the efficiency and productivity of production units through price realization was a main objective of this policy. However, the resulting spike in input and output prices challenged the achievement of the policy goals. The main purpose of this article is to compare the efficiency of the dairy farms in Iran before and after the Targeted Subsidies Plan was implemented. We used a sample of longitudinal data over the years 1990, 1993, 2000, 2007, 2013, 2016, and 2019 covering 11 regions in 18 provinces and applied stochastic frontier analysis by imposing the monotonicity condition to evaluate efficiency and productivity of the farms. The estimation results show that the unrestricted production frontier is not monotonic in energy and labor. Therefore, imposing a monotonicity condition reduces estimation bias which is critical for policymaking. Unbiased estimation of productive efficiency resulting from imposing the monotonicity condition ranges from 0.72 to 0.86, depending on the region. Results also show a 17% reduction in the production efficiency of the examined dairy farms after the subsidy reform plan which is against the policy goals. The regional differences in the efficiency of intensive dairy farming indicate the need for the more regionally specific supplementary policy, in terms of support schemes and subsidy reforms.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Other

Article Title [Persian]

اصلاح یارانه ها و کارایی تولید گاوداری های شیری در ایران

Authors [Persian]

زینب شکوهی ¹
محمد بخشوده ¹
مهدی عسکری ²

¹ بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

² گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه کنتاکی ، لکسینگتون، ایالات متحده

Abstract [Persian]

اصلاح یارانه ها در ایران از سال 1389 پس از اجرای طرح هدفمندی یارانه ها، آغاز شد. افزایش کارایی و بهره وری واحدهای تولیدی به واسطه واقعی شدن قیمت ها هدف اصلی این سیاست بود. با وجود افزایش قیمت‌ نهادهها و محصول دستیابی به اهداف سیاست که مهمترین آن افزایش کارایی در واحدهای تولیدی است، مسئله اصلی است. در این راستا هدف اصلی این مقاله مقایسه کارایی گاوداریهای شیری ایران قبل و بعد از اجرای طرح هدفمندی یارانه ها در نظر گرفته شد. برای این منظور از داده‌های موجود برای گاودارهای شیری در 18 استان در سال‌های 1369، 1372، 1379، 1386، 1392، 1395 و 1398 استفاده شد و با تحمیل شرط یکنواختی در ارزیابی کارایی، از تحلیل مرزی تصادفی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان میدهد که تابع تولید مرزی نامقید در انرژی و نیروی کار یکنواخت نیست. بنابراین، تحمیل شرط یکنواختی، اریب برآورد را جهت سیاستگذاری مناسب کاهش می‌دهد. تخمین نااریب کارایی تولید ناشی از اعمال شرط یکنواختی بسته به منطقه از 72/0 تا 86/0 متغیر است. همچنین نتایج حاکی از کاهش 17 درصدی کارایی تولید در گاوداری های شیری مورد بررسی پس از اجرای طرح اصلاح یارانهها است که برخلاف اهداف سیاستی طرح مذکور است. تفاوت‌های منطقه‌ای در کارایی تولید گاوداریهای شیری نشان‌ میدهد که اعمال سیاستهای تکمیلی در سطح استان، میتواند با انتقال تجربیات از مناطق کاراتر به سایر مناطق در جهت بهبود کارایی تولید اثربخش باشد.

Keywords [Persian]

یارانه
کارایی
گاوداری
شیری

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Subsidies Reform and the Efficiency of Dairy Farms in Iran: A Comprehensive Evaluation

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Volume 10, Issue 2 - Serial Number 20December 2021Pages 391-410

Volume 10, Issue 2 - Serial Number 20
December 2021
Pages 391-410