نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد اقتصاد بین الملل، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر- ایران
2 کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر- ایران
چکیده
گردشگری، فعالیت اقتصادی چند وجهی است که در چارچوب یک فرآیند دو طرفه، در تعامل با محیط زیست قرار دارد. این در حالی است که از یک سو، منابع زیست محیطی، مواد اولیهی گردشگری را تأمین میکند و از سوی دیگر، گردشگری با تولید انواع مختلفی از محصولات جانبی، خواسته یا ناخواسته اثرات مثبت و منفی عمدهای را بر محیط زیست تحمیل میکند. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر، بررسی رابطهی گردشگری و عملکرد محیط زیست در کشورهای حوزه دریای خزر طی دورهی 2013-2002 است. برای این منظور، از الگوی خودرگرسیون برداری در قالب دادههای تابلویی(P-VAR) استفاده گردیده است. نتایج تحقیق با تحلیل توابع عکسالعمل آنی و تجزیه واریانس حاکی از آن است که واکنش گردشگری بین المللی نسبت به عملکرد محیط زیست، شاخص توسعه انسانی، تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه و درجه بازبودن تجاری در مناطق حوزه دریای خزر مثبت است و واکنش عملکرد محیط زیست نسبت به تکانههای ناشی از گردشگری و GDP سرانه در این کشورها منفیاست. همچنین، با توجه به سایر نتایج این مطالعه، واکنش عملکرد محیط زیست نسبت به شاخص توسعه انسانی، درجه باز بودن تجاری و مجذور GDP سرانه مثبت بدست آمده است. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، پیشنهاد میشود دولتهای حاشیه دریای خزر در توسعه گردشگری به مسائل زیست محیطی توجه ویژهای داشته باشند.
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