Monetary economics
Marziyeh Esfandiari; Zohreh Esksndaripour; Nazar Dahmardeh; Mohammad Hasan Fotros
Abstract
The role and importance of the banking system as the primary source of financing for businesses is necessary to investigate the factors affecting the profitability of this sector. Therefore, this research uses a computable general equilibrium model (RDCGE), the effect of exchange rate shock, crude oil ...
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The role and importance of the banking system as the primary source of financing for businesses is necessary to investigate the factors affecting the profitability of this sector. Therefore, this research uses a computable general equilibrium model (RDCGE), the effect of exchange rate shock, crude oil price, stock price index, and government budget on Iran's banking system profitability. For this purpose, the social accounting matrix (SAM) of 2011 and the Input-Output table of 2016 were used to analyze the twelve design scenarios and the profitability of the banking system in response to shocks 2, 5, and 10 percent in the exchange rate, crude oil price, stock price index, and government budget are evaluated. The findings reveal that the exchange rate and crude oil prices negatively affect banking system profitability, while the total stock price index and government budget have positive effects. The funding comparison shows that in different scenarios, the shocks of the exchange rate, oil price, stock market, and government budget, respectively have the most effect on bank profitability. thus , appropriate use of the national development fund and government support for the stock market are effective for reducing exchange rate shock and crude oil prices and controlling the consequences of these shocks .
Mohammad Ali Torki Harchegani; Nazar Dahmardeh
Abstract
Despite positive aspects of energy consumption, their negative externalities i.e., environmental pollutions, are considerable. Green taxes, paid for products and services that are not environmentally friendly, are recommended as an efficient way of improving health indices. Since, Iran is among the countries ...
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Despite positive aspects of energy consumption, their negative externalities i.e., environmental pollutions, are considerable. Green taxes, paid for products and services that are not environmentally friendly, are recommended as an efficient way of improving health indices. Since, Iran is among the countries with high per capita consumption of energy, pollution can be a kind of threat. In this regard, to simulate the effect of green taxes on Iran’s health sector, we use a general equilibrium model, calibrated by Iran’s Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) in 2011. The results show green taxes reduces all kinds of environmental pollutions. Furthermore, 62% of health costs are spent on mortality, 26.4% on morbidity, and 11.6% on non-health effects.
