Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Economics University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Domestic innovations and technology imports play important roles in boosting relative demand for skilled labor force. These factors are in turn influenced by domestic R&D investments and international trade. Using a translog cost function, this paper studies the effect of technology imports and other factors including output level and physical capital stock on the shares of skilled labor force employment. The data for technology imports are gathered based on ISIC (International Standard Industry Classification) 2-digit codes for the period 1971-2013. Our translog cost function is estimated by seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) method. The estimation results show that an increase in technology imports raises the share of skilled labor force and decreases the production cost. Moreover, our result indicates that domestic R&D has no effect on employment level of skilled labor force in Iran.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تأثیر تحقیق‌ و توسعه و واردات تکنولوژی بر اشتغال: شواهد تجربی از ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • مسعود صادقی
  • ایمان کی‌فرخی

استادیار، علوم اقتصادی دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان

Abstract [Persian]

دو عامل ابداعات داخلی و واردات فناوری از کشورهای پیشرفته نقش مهمی در افزایش تقاضای نسبی برای نیروی کار ماهر ایفا می­ کنند. این دو عامل خود متأثر از سرمایه گذاری در تحقیق و توسعه داخلی و تجارت بین­ الملل می­ باشند. در این مقاله، با به‌ کارگیری یک تابع هزینه ترانسلوگ، تأثیر فناوری و سایر عوامل تعیین کننده شامل حجم تولید و موجودی سرمایه فیزیکی بر سهم اشتغال نیروی کار ماهر برآورد شده است. داده‌ های مربوط به واردات فناوری براساس کدهای دو رقمی طبقه­ بندی بین­ المللی ISIC ، طی دوره ۱۳5۰-۱۳92 جمع­ آوری شده است. با برآورد تابع هزینه ترانسلوگ به روش رگرسیون‌ های به­ ظاهر نامرتبط، ملاحظه می­ شود که در سال‌ های مورد مطالعه،  با گسترش واردات فناوری سهم اشتغال نیروی کار ماهر در ایران افزایش و هزینه‌ های تولید کاهش یافته‌ است، همچنین نتایج تحقیق نشان می­ دهد که تحقیق و توسعه داخلی، روی اشتغال نیروی کار ماهر اثرگذار نبوده است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • تابع هزینه
  • واردات فناوری
  • اشتغال
  • تقاضای نیروی کارماهر
  • تحقیق ‌و توسعه
  • ایران
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