Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar-Iran
Abstract
Tourism is a multidimensional economic activity that has an interaction with the environment. On one hand, environmental resources provide the raw material for tourism, while on the other, tourism imposes a variety of negative and positive impacts (wanted or unwanted) on the environment through the creation of various by-products. The main purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between tourism and environmental performance in the Caspian Sea nations during 2002-2013. A panel data vector autoregressive (P-VAR) method has been employed to estimate the model. Findings from the impulse-response function analysis and variance decomposition show that the reactions of international tourism to environmental performance, human development index, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, and the degree of trade openness in the Caspian Sea nations are positive. Moreover, the reaction of environmental performance to tourism and GDP per capita shocks is negative. The results also show that the responses of environmental performance to human capital index, the degree of trade openness and the square of GDP per capita shocks are positive. According to the findings, it is suggested that countries in the Caspian Sea region should pay a special attention to environmental issues in the development of tourism.
Keywords
Article Title [Persian]
رابطه گردشگری و عملکرد محیط زیست: مطالعه موردی کشورهای حاشیه دریای خزر
Authors [Persian]
- سعید راسخی
- ثریا محمدی
استاد اقتصاد بین الملل، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر- ایران
Abstract [Persian]
گردشگری، فعالیت اقتصادی چند وجهی است که در چارچوب یک فرآیند دو طرفه، در تعامل با محیط زیست قرار دارد. این در حالی است که از یک سو، منابع زیست محیطی، مواد اولیهی گردشگری را تأمین میکند و از سوی دیگر، گردشگری با تولید انواع مختلفی از محصولات جانبی، خواسته یا ناخواسته اثرات مثبت و منفی عمدهای را بر محیط زیست تحمیل میکند. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر، بررسی رابطهی گردشگری و عملکرد محیط زیست در کشورهای حوزه دریای خزر طی دورهی 2013-2002 است. برای این منظور، از الگوی خودرگرسیون برداری در قالب دادههای تابلویی(P-VAR) استفاده گردیده است. نتایج تحقیق با تحلیل توابع عکسالعمل آنی و تجزیه واریانس حاکی از آن است که واکنش گردشگری بین المللی نسبت به عملکرد محیط زیست، شاخص توسعه انسانی، تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه و درجه بازبودن تجاری در مناطق حوزه دریای خزر مثبت است و واکنش عملکرد محیط زیست نسبت به تکانههای ناشی از گردشگری و GDP سرانه در این کشورها منفیاست. همچنین، با توجه به سایر نتایج این مطالعه، واکنش عملکرد محیط زیست نسبت به شاخص توسعه انسانی، درجه باز بودن تجاری و مجذور GDP سرانه مثبت بدست آمده است. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، پیشنهاد میشود دولتهای حاشیه دریای خزر در توسعه گردشگری به مسائل زیست محیطی توجه ویژهای داشته باشند.
Keywords [Persian]
- گردشگری
- عملکرد محیط زیست
- دریای خزر
- P-VAR
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