Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

2 Department of economics, Shiraz university, Shiraz, Iran.

Abstract

Entrepreneurship is influenced by many factors and environments such as institutions. Institutions have an important role to play in the individual's tendency toward necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper was to examine the impact of institutional quality (property rights) on opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship. The results, based on unbalanced panel data from 2005 to 2015, showed that property rights did not have a significant effect on the opportunity entrepreneurship in the factor-driven group while it had a negative impact on necessity entrepreneurship. In the efficiency-driven group, protecting property rights would provide the perfect context for opportunity entrepreneurship and reduce necessity entrepreneurship, but in the innovation-driven group, strengthening property rights increased both opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship. These results indicate that the impact of property rights on (opportunity- and necessity-) entrepreneurship depends on the level of economic development of countries.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی تاثیر حقوق مالکیت بر کارآفرینی: شواهدی از برخی کشورهای منبع محور، کارایی محور و نوآوری محور

Authors [Persian]

  • علی حسین صمدی 1
  • سارا تقا 2

1 بخش اقتصاد، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 بخش اقتصاد، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

Abstract [Persian]

کار آفرینی تحت تاثیر محیط ها و عوامل متعددی از جمله محیط نهادی است. نهادها نقش مهمی در تمایل افراد برای کار آفرینی فرصت و ضرورت بازی می کنند. هدف این مقاله شناسایی نقش و تاثیر کیفیت نهادی (از جمله حقوق مالکیت) در گسترش کارآفرینی ضرورت و فرصت است. نتایج تحقیق براساس داده های پانلی نامتوازن در دوره 2015-2005 نشان داد که حقوق مالکیت تاثیر معناداری بر کارآفرینی فرصت در کشورهای منبع محور ندارد؛ اما بر کارآفرینی ضرورت تاثیر منفی داشته است. همچنین در کشورهای کارایی محور حمایت از حقوق مالکیت زمینه مناسبی برای حمایت از کارآفرینی فرصت ایجاد کرده و کارآفرینی ضرورت را کاهش داده است. اما در گروه کشورهای نوآوری محور، تقویت حقوق مالکیت هر دو نوع کارآفرینی فرصت و ضرورت را افزایش داده است. این نتایج بیانگر این است که تاثیر حقوق مالکیت بر کارآفرینی (فرصت و ضرورت) به سطح توسعه اقتصادی کشورها وابسته است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • حقوق مالکیت
  • کارآفرینی فرصت
  • کارآفرینی ضرورت
  • سطح توسعه
  • داده های پانلی نامتوازن
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