نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2 گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
3 دانشکده اهل بیت، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
4 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
چکیده
بسیاری از چالش های زیست محیطی را می توان با استفاده از بازی دیکتاتور توصیف کرد. یکی از مصادیق آن شرایطی است که بهره برداران از قدرت نامتقارن در بهره برداری برخوردار هستند. برای حل چنین مشکلات زیست محیطی ، راه حلهایی ارائه شده است که برخی از آنها بر روی عوامل برونزا تمرکز دارند و برخی دیگر بر روی ویژگیهای کاربران. در این تحقیق ، ما به دنبال راه حلی برای یکی از این مشکل در زمینه بهره برداری از آب رودخانه، برای بهره برداران ایرانی هستیم. برای این کار، از اقتصاد آزمایشگاهی در چارچوب تحلیل و توسعه نهادی استفاده شده است. این بازی در 19 گروه 5 نفره با 1767 مشاهده انجام شد و سپس با استفاده از اقتصاد سنجی تخمین مدل انجام شده است. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که ایجاد کالای باشگاهی در پایین دست رودخانه و همچنین حمایت از مقررات محلی (با نظارت درونی)، می تواند توزیع آب را در بین کاربران یکنواخت تر کند. همچنین، مقررات محلی میتواند اثر بیشتری در توزیع نسبت به ایجاد کالای عمومی داشته باشد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده های به دست آمده از طریق آزمایش و بازی حلقه نشان می دهد که در صورتی که بهره برداران بالادستی دارای گرایش اجتماعی با رویکرد دیگرخواهانه باشند، تأثیرات مثبتی بر بهره برداری افراد دیگر دارد به طوری که بهره برداران پایین دستی نیز از آب بهره مند می شوند. این تحقیق می تواند برای حل مشکلات زیست محیطی ایران دلالت هایی داشته باشد.
کلیدواژهها
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