Research Paper
Environmental Economics
Sasan Gharakhani; Hadi Amiri; Babak Saffari; Maede Mohammadi
Abstract
Groundwater is a natural common-pool resource that has long been a victim of tragedy of the commons due to selfish withdrawal of farmers During recent years. One solution to coping with this problem is to replace flood irrigation with large-scale irrigation system (LIS) within the framework of participatory ...
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Groundwater is a natural common-pool resource that has long been a victim of tragedy of the commons due to selfish withdrawal of farmers During recent years. One solution to coping with this problem is to replace flood irrigation with large-scale irrigation system (LIS) within the framework of participatory conservation projects. As these projects are costly, they require financial support by the government and cooperation among farmers. In this study, given the unstable raining conditions and drying out of Zayanderud, an agent-based model (ABM) on participatory management of groundwater resources is proposed for 223 villages in Isfahan Province in the form of participatory conservative projects. The results of this study indicate sensitivity of model’s simulation and high sensitivity of villagers to the government’s financial supports. This model predicts when the government pays 85% of the costs for changing the irrigation system, the participation will rise to two-thirds. Further, the results of simulation suggest that with increasing the number of farmers, the rate of participation will significantly drop. Finally, according to different scenarios in this study, it is suggested that the government begins its financial support from the small villages with the pioneer group (near the pumping water) and scale-free social network.
Research Paper
Energy Economics
Heshmatullah Asgari; Ali Moridian
Abstract
Iran’s economy has always experienced a steady expansion in the budget deficit, which has limited its ability to achieve comprehensive economic growth, as well as enduring foreign sector instability (trade balance deficit). These two deficits, namely the budget deficit and the trade deficit, must ...
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Iran’s economy has always experienced a steady expansion in the budget deficit, which has limited its ability to achieve comprehensive economic growth, as well as enduring foreign sector instability (trade balance deficit). These two deficits, namely the budget deficit and the trade deficit, must be properly managed in order to promote economic stability and inclusive growth that is both sustainable and long-lasting. Using the rolling window (bootstrap) method, the dynamic causation relationship between Iran’s budget deficit and trade deficit from 1965 to 2018 has been examined in this paper. Considering the structural gaps, the beginning and end of each period of causality are studied. The results of the paper show that during the years 1981-1987, the budget deficit had a positive impact on the trade deficit, which is consistent with the findings of the Mundell-Fleming model. However, during the periods 1975-1977, 1998-1999, and 2005-2013, the budget deficit had a negative impact on the trade deficit due to the abandonment of the trade deficit, which was caused by the absence of organized or less organized financial markets in the country to finance the government budget. In addition, the data indicate that the trade deficit had a positive and substantial effect on the government’s budget deficit during the period 1991-1992, but a negative and significant effect during the periods 1975-1976, 1981-1985, 1989-1970, 2005-2006, and 2009-2011. This indicates that the Iranian government cannot utilize fiscal policy to correct the imbalance in its external sector.
Research Paper
Social Economic
Mahdi Filsaraei; Arezoo Yaghoobi
Abstract
Sustainable corporate growth is defined as the sustainable growth of sales and profits under an economic policy and external environment. The ability of enterprises to grow sustainably is not only a guarantee of achieving their long-term business goals, but also a physical requirement for sustainable ...
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Sustainable corporate growth is defined as the sustainable growth of sales and profits under an economic policy and external environment. The ability of enterprises to grow sustainably is not only a guarantee of achieving their long-term business goals, but also a physical requirement for sustainable development of the national economy. Some companies consider sales growth rate or rapid expansion of the company scale as their development goals. This growth is fast, short-term and unstable. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the effectiveness of intellectual capital on the sustainable growth of companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, research hypotheses were tested based on a statistical sample of 102 companies during the years 2017 to 2021 and using multivariable regression models. Research results shows that the efficiency of intellectual capital, structural capital and human capital have a positive and significant effect on the growth of the sustainability of listed companies, while efficiency of the used capital has a negative and significant effect on the sustainable growth. The results of this research can be useful for policy makers and company managers, so that they can create sustainable growth in the company. The components of intellectual capital can create long-term sustainable growth in the company and increase the value of the company.
Research Paper
Energy Economics
Mina Javadinia; seyyed Abdol Majid Jalaee Esfand Abadi; Mehdi Nejati
Abstract
Today, the energy market in the world is facing an important position, and on the other hand, the importance of gas as a clean fuel is significant. According to the approach and structure of the energy market, the main axis of this research is based on the game theory approach. On the other hand, the ...
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Today, the energy market in the world is facing an important position, and on the other hand, the importance of gas as a clean fuel is significant. According to the approach and structure of the energy market, the main axis of this research is based on the game theory approach. On the other hand, the interests of Iran and Qatar will give rise to a conflict over price between the two countries. Therefore, in the present study the dynamic computable general equilibrium model and the 2014 social accounting matrix were used to investigate the impact of gas price shocks on the gas exports of these two countries. As Iran and Qatar are known as main competitors in the natural gas sector of world energy market, it is necessary to specify a win-win pricing strategy for both countries. Taking this into account, in the present study a model that incorporates both the dynamic computable general equilibrium and game theory is used for investigation purposes. The results indicate that, 0.5% price increase would be the best strategy from among the wide range of gas price scenarios presented for 2022-2024, because a 0.5% increase in gas prices in general would further increase the exports of Iran and Qatar as two competitors. Thus, based on the equilibrium forms, stepwise price rise over a specific time interval can help these two countries maximize their interests.
